Production capacity and supply gaps
A report from the Kyiv-based think tank Center for Defense Reforms reveals that Russia is significantly expanding its glide-bomb production. In 2025, the centralized procurement entity TRV-Engineering JSC obtained nearly 278,000 servo drives, which are used to control the flight surfaces of glide bombs and provide enough components for 139,000 munitions. The entity sources these components from CED Sail LLC, a supplier that currently lacks Western sanctions. This expansion indicates Moscow has no plans to scale back its war against Ukraine. Out of 20 corporate entities involved in the manufacture of Russian glide bombs, only eight face Western sanctions or export restrictions. This uneven sanctions coverage allows Russia to procure necessary components without significant restrictions. The majority of entities and individuals involved in the production of Russia’s glide bombs are currently unsanctioned.
| Production Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Servo drives obtained (2025) | 278,000 |
| Potential bomb manufacture | 139,000 |
| Sanctioned entities | 8 of 20 |
| Chinese supply companies | 4 |
Foreign components and battlefield use
Russia uses UMPK and UMPB guidance kits to convert unguided bombs into precision weapons. These kits increase range so Russian fighter-bombers can deploy payloads from within Russian territory, out of range of Ukrainian air defenses. Ukrainian military intelligence identifies components from the U.S., Japan, China, Switzerland, and Taiwan in these munitions. A network of Russian companies imports essential components and raw materials for these kits. Four Chinese companies supply critical parts, including Shenzhen Fire Power Control Technology Limited, which produces items with explicit military applications. Only one of these four Chinese companies faces U.S. export restrictions, and none face sanctions from the U.K. or the EU.
The Center for Defense Reforms reports that guided aerial bombs help destroy defensive positions, isolate battlefields, and facilitate ground advances. This capability supports the slow Russian advance in the east of Ukraine, where forces target fortifications and cities. Earlier this month, five Russian glide bombs struck Zaporizhzhia, killing 20 people, including three children, and injuring 32 others. Ukraine countered these strikes using electronic warfare and Neptune cruise missile strikes against Su-34 fighter-bombers. In October, a strike on a Russian airfield in Borisoglebsk, Voronezh Oblast, destroyed four Sukhoi Su-34M aircraft and damaged two more. Oleksandr Danylyuk, chairman of the Center for Defense Reforms, stated, "Russia is building the military-industrial capacity to continue waging wars even after the war in Ukraine ends."
